.

And by a prudent flight and cunning save A life which valour could not, from the grave. A better buckler I can soon regain, But who can get another life again? Archilochus

Friday, January 31, 2020

Call Me When You Have No Class...

...and the answer is to "change the system" (not destroy it) in a way that establishes or promotes "class solidarity (ala -broadly based petite bourgeoisie/ kulak class)"

Kulaks

Kulak (/ˈkuːlæk/; Russian: кула́к, tr. kulak, IPA: [kʊˈlak] (About this soundlisten), plural кулаки́, "fist", by extension "tight-fisted"; kurkuli in Ukraine, but also used in Russian texts in Ukrainian contexts), or golchomags (Azerbaijani: qolçomaq, plural qolçomaqlar) was the term describing peasants with over 8 acres (3.2 hectares) of land towards the end of the Russian Empire. In the early Soviet Union, particularly Soviet Russia and Azerbaijan, kulak became a vague reference to property ownership among peasants, who were considered "hesitating" allies of the revolution. The kulaks were decimated following orders by Joseph Stalin, to guarantee collectivisation in the 1930s.

The word kulak originally referred to former peasants in the Russian Empire who became wealthier during the Stolypin reform from 1906 to 1914. During the Russian Revolution, the label of kulak was used to chastise peasants who withheld grain from the Bolsheviks. According to political theories of Marxism–Leninism in the early 20th century, the kulaks were class enemies of the poorer peasants. Vladimir Lenin described them as "bloodsuckers, vampires, plunderers of the people and profiteers, who fatten on famine", declaring revolution against them to liberate poor peasants, farm laborers, and proletariat (the much smaller class of urban and industrial workers).

During the first five year plan, Stalin's all-out campaign to take ownership and organisation from the peasantry meant "peasants with a couple of cows or five or six acres [about 2 ha] more than their neighbors" were labeled kulaks. Under dekulakization, government officials violently seized farms and killed resisters, deported others to labor camps, and drove many to migrate to the cities following the loss of their property to the collective.
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Stolypin Reforms

The reforms aimed to transform the traditional obshchina form of Russian agriculture, which bore some similarities to the open-field system of Britain. Serfs who had been liberated by the emancipation reform of 1861 lacked the financial ability to leave their new lands, as they owed money to the state for periods of up to 49 years. Perceived drawbacks of the obshchina system included collective ownership, scattered land allotments based on family size, and a significant level of control by the family elder. Stolypin, as a staunch conservative, also sought to eliminate the commune system — known as the mir — and to reduce radicalism among the peasants, thus preventing further political unrest such as that which occurred during the Revolution of 1905. Stolypin believed that tying the peasants to their own private land-holdings would produce profit-minded and politically conservative farmers like those living in parts of western Europe. Stolypin referred to his own programs as a "wager on the strong and sober".

The reforms began with and introduced the unconditional right of individual landownership (Ukase of November 9, 1906). Stolypin's reforms abolished the obshchina system and replaced it with a capitalist-oriented form highlighting private ownership and consolidated modern farmsteads designed to make peasants conservative instead of radical.

The multifaceted reforms introduced the following:
development of large-scale individual farming (khutors)
introduction of agricultural cooperatives
development of agricultural education
dissemination of new methods of land improvement
affordable lines of credit for peasants

The state implemented the Stolypin agrarian reforms in a comprehensive campaign from 1906 through 1914. This system was not a command economy like that found in the Soviet Union in the 1920s, but rather a continuation of the modified state capitalism program begun under Sergei Witte. Stolypin's program differed from Witte's reforms not in the rapid push — which was a characteristic also found in the Witte reforms — but in the fact that Stolypin's reforms were to the agricultural sector, including improvements to the rights of individuals on a broad level and had the backing of the police. These reforms laid the groundwork for a market-based agricultural system for Russian peasants.

The principal ministers involved in the implementation of the Stolypin agrarian reforms included Stolypin himself as Interior Minister and Prime Minister, Alexander Krivoshein as Agriculture and State Property Minister, and Vladimir Kokovtsov as Finance Minister and Stolypin's successor as Prime Minister.

The Soviet agrarian program in the 1920s reversed the Stolypin reforms. The state took over land owned by peasants and moved them to collective farms.
1926 Illustration to the Soviet categories of peasants: bednyaks, or poor peasants; serednyaks, or mid-income peasants; and kulaks, the higher-income farmers who had larger farms than most Russian peasants.

6 comments:

Gert said...

What's the source of the main body of text, please?

-FJ the Dangerous and Extreme MAGA Jew said...

It's all Wikipedia from Kulaks and the Stolypin Reforms. I usually link... but was being lazy. Sorry.

Franco Aragosta said...

MORE TO THE POINT OF PRESENT DAY REALITY, I SHOULD THINK:


___ To a Pencil-Necked Prick ___

Foul, redolent of Insincerity ––
Unctuous fabricator of Tall Tales ––
Coldly, calculating smothering Verity ––
Killing Honesty, –– he’s hard as nails.  

A calm and mellow baritone belies
Deadly partisan Ambition bold ––
A Bastard eager to destroy with Lies ––
Mild mannered Malice dished up cold. 

Smug with balding, pop-eyed, purse-lipped head
Creepily he stares without a smile ––
Haughty,  humorless, with Bug Eyes dead ––
Initiating Treachery in bland Style ––

Fomenting foul Fiction to berate
Frustrates Decency as it spreads Hate.


~ FreeThinke

Gert said...

Ta.

Franco Aragosta said...

_______ Rx for Healhy Recreatioon _______

Hey! Let's go to Frisco and shit in the street
That's a glorious treat it'll be hard to beat.
Imagine the joy of painting the town
In hundreds of shades of fragrant shit brown!
Let's go to Pelosi's and scale her damned wall
Break into her house and shit in her hall
Then move to the living room; fill it wth poo
And on to the dining room; muck it up too.
When you're fixin' to leave don'r forget to drop poop
Copiously all over her stoop.
And If you could manage to shit in her bed
Try to spread it around so she can't rest her head.
Make that bitch live in shit, so she knows how it is
Smothereded in feces watching guys take a whiz!


~ Luigina Putrida Abandonata

Franco Aragosta said...

_____ THE CAPITALIST DOXOLOGY_____

Praise Wealth from which our Blessings flow
May God send Marxists down Below
Where they may writhe in dreadful Pain
While we our Sanity regain!


AMEN!